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Using Multiple Exposures to Recreate or Alter Reality

Written by Ron Risman
http://www.cameratown.com

The ability to take double-exposures with a film camera came from the desire to achieve effects otherwise impossible. Combining two or more exposures was also a great way to capture a scene the way you remembered it.   With film cameras creating a double exposure was easy. Take two (or more) pictures without advancing the film.   In the digital world there are no cameras that have this ability (as far as I know). However, creating this effect using image editing software is very easy - and a lot of fun.

Some will argue that combining images is fraudulent, some call it art or creative expression. Personally, I sometimes combine images for artistic purposes as well as to recreate a scene the way my eyes saw it.

I love night photography, but cameras are not as capable as the human eye at capturing different exposure levels within the same scene. Take for example the photo on the right, fog was hovering above a golf course while a full moon had just risen above the mountains. In order to capture the golf course and fog, I needed to use a very slow shutter speed. The slow shutter allowed the camera to absorb enough light from the dark part of the scene. Because a slow-shutter absorbs so much light, when coupled with the intensity of the moon, the camera wasn't able to be capture the details visible to the naked eye. In order to capture this scene correctly, I needed to take two photographs. One using a slow shutter to capture the dark part of the scene and another using a high speed shutter (1/200th approx.) to capture the correct exposure of the moon. Short of using a graduated ND (Nuetral Density) filter, this was the only way I could recreate what I had seen with my own eyes.



The Process of using multiple images (exposures)

I knew ahead of time that the slow-shutter and the bright moon were not going to get along. During my shoot I purposely captured a separate photo of the moon using the correct exposure in order to merge them together when I got home.

  1. I first opened the original image in Adobe Photoshop. This is the image shown above.


  2. Using the layers tool palette, I made a duplicate of this layer.


  3. I then opened the photo I had taken of the moon, resized it, then copied it to a layer within the original photo.


  4. Because of the intense brightness of the moon, the camera captured it as a white halo that needed to be removed along with the moon itself. I used Adobe's Healing brush to remove it. The healing brush is somewhat similar to the clone tool, but it helps to "melt" or "merge" together the cloned area better. Another way of removing the moon and its halo would have been to replace the entire sky with a similar looking gradient.


  5. After removing the moon and its halo from the original photograph, I was now ready to position the correctly-exposed moon into the picture. It was as easy as clicking on its layer, moving it into position, then softening the edges using the blur tool.


The photograph above was edited using the "healing" brush in Adobe Photoshop CS. I removed the moon and its halo but made the area where the replacement moon will be positioned a little bit brighter in order to make the final image as realistic as I remember it.


I then created this final image by placing the photograph of the separate moon (with the correct exposure) on top of this newly edited photograph. I placed the moon in the same position as the original in order to create a final photograph that matched what I had seen that evening.

I used the Copy & Paste Tool to place the moon with the correct exposure into this photograph

Summary

Using multiple exposures, you are able to recreate reality or make your own. Don't let the comments of others stop you from experimenting with your photographs. Great artists do it all the time. Painters do it with the stroke of a brush, photographers with filters and lighting - and now software.

The image below was made from three pictures taken on New Years Eve. I made this photograph from three separate fireworks shots, then merged them together into one. The image helps to convey what I had hoped to capture in just one exposure. Unfortunately, this year's display was less than spectacular.



Tip:   "Fireworks in the sky" photographs by themselves are usually quite boring. Try capturing reflections off a lake or some other interesting element along with the fireworks.

In this photograph, I have taken the creative liberty to enhance my golf course image, promoting it into the "Big Fish" category.



These images were shot using the Canon EOS-10D Digital SLR and Canon 28-200mm zoom lens.

Editors:   If you would like to reprint this article on your website
or in your publication please drop me a note.

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